In developing the National Wildlife Refuge System’s strategic direction for the next decade, the Service and the public it serves must understand where America has been and where it is going — demographically, socially, and economically. Much has changed since 1999 when the Refuge System last examined its future at this scale.

A growing number of the people in American and global societies see less of a direct link between the natural world and their food, water, and quality of life, but this does not make conservation less relevant today than it was in President Roosevelt’s era or at other times in history when people rallied to save nature. This disconnection demands innovative and dynamic ways to increase society’s conservation literacy, to connect people to nature and to communicate why the collective conservation mission is more relevant today than ever before.

The United States population has increased more than 14 percent since 1998. As U.S. residents become increasingly concentrated in cities and mega-cities, urban sprawl is fragmenting more habitat. By 2050, the U.S. population is projected to grow to 392 million.

The United States is more racially and ethnically diverse. Groups that have historically been considered minorities are projected to be the majority by 2042. Hispanics are the fastest growing group, expected to make up a third of the population by 2050. One of eight Americans is African American.

The nation is also aging. By 2030 nearly one in five residents will be 65 or older. By 2050 Americans 65 and older will exceed 80 million. But the “baby boomer” generation, the first of who turned 65 in 2011, is different than those who turned that same age generations ago. They are determined to stay active, to try new adventures and to make a difference for society.

Demographic shifts are intersecting with other major trends. Among the most profound is accelerating climate change, fueled by rapid world population growth. These changes are evidenced by rising sea levels, loss of coastal wetlands, more incidents of flooding and droughts, and the growth of non-native species that crowd out native organisms in ecosystems once thought outside their range.

Social changes have also been profound. The pervasive spread of portable, wireless communication devices and a culture of nonstop social networking have changed the social fabric. The American people are less connected with America’s great outdoors. While environmental threats still resonate on some level — witness public outcry over the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico — many citizens feel that conservation threats are a distant concern. The Refuge System’s challenge is to make wildlife refuges relevant to citizens’ lives.

Being relevant to America demands the delivery of lasting benefits to all of America’s citizens while at the same time ensuring representation of all of her citizens appropriately as The Service works within the broader global context. The Service needs to stand ready to meet opportunities with appropriate and immediate action, renewed focus, flexibility, and creative initiatives that are responsive to change. The Service must be prepared to learn new strategies, exchange models and insights, and effectively manage the Refuge System for a rapidly changing America.

Comment below and/or move on to  Chapter 2 - Conserving the Future