Climate change will intensify existing threats on fish, wildlife, and the ecosystems that sustain them. In September 2010, the Service published its plan to address climate change.

In order to support the plan’s bold charge, the Service must adopt more sustainable business practices. Valuable efforts are already underway, and the Service must look to employees, partners and the business community for their expertise in refocusing energies and recalibrating activities.

Recommendation: Support and implement the goals in the Service’s 2010 Strategic Plan for Responding to Accelerating Climate Change as they apply to mitigation. Specifically, contribute to Goal 5 to achieve carbon neutrality by the year 2020.

Achieving carbon neutrality will require active steps, including the development of a tool to calculate carbon sequestered and the offset of remaining carbon balances on wildlife refuges.

Aligning the work of the Refuge System with its environmental values involves more than just contributing to carbon neutrality. First, the Refuge System should innovate to become itself carbon negative and contribute more than its share to the Service’s overarching goal of carbon neutrality. The Refuge System has the advantage of a land base where restoration activities can be prioritized within high priority landscapes that are effective in sequestering carbon. Second, there are a multitude of impacts to the environment and wildlife in addition to the emission of heat-trapping gases that come from Refuge System work and operations. The Service should consider and evaluate these impacts and take action to reduce them.

Recommendation: Develop a 5-year plan for greening the Refuge System.

The plan should build off of the Refuge System’s step down of the Service’s climate change strategic plan and its elements that apply to mitigation. The plan should address the breadth of Refuge System operations and propose solutions for meeting targeted goals for the reduction of environmental impacts. Such options should include:

●        Reduce the number of facilities and other assets that the Refuge System owns and maintains.

●        Reduce fuel consumption by evaluating old equipment against national or local emissions standards and converting to more efficient vehicles, tractors and equipment on all new purchases.

●        Opt for replacement equipment that includes new technology, such as GPS, to increase precision and decrease fuel consumption when working or treating large areas.

●        Reduce travel by making video and teleconferences the primary delivery method for trainings and meetings.

●        Use sustainably renewable or recycled construction materials, with focus on those that have the smallest carbon footprint to manufacture and recycle.

●        Recycle 100% of materials such as paper, glass, aluminum and tin. If recycling facilities are not readily available, wildlife refuges can work with local communities to develop a way to recycle.

For new construction and operations, the Refuge System must aim higher in its commitment to environmental sustainability. The Refuge System should:

●        Utilize green technologies and water conservation systems in all deferred maintenance projects.

●        Meet the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification standards for all new structures and when retrofitting existing structures.

●        Require Green Seal certification for all Service facilities and contractors.

●        Use innovative carbon neutral energy sources consistent with maintaining biological diversity, integrity and environmental health.

●        Convert to clean and more efficient energy technologies like solar and wind power on existing and future infrastructure.

Comment below and/or move on to next section of Chapter 5 - Workforce of the Future